Our Environment
"Based on NCERT Class VII Geography Syllabus"
Introduction:
Ecosystem:
An ecosystem is a community of living organisms (plants, animals and microbes) in conjunction with the non living components of their environment (things like air, water and mineral soil), interacting as a system. These biotic and abiotic components are regarded as linked together through nutrient cycles and energy flows. As ecosystems are defined by the network of interactions among organisms, and between organisms and their environment, they can be of any size but usually encompass specific, limited spaces (although some scientists say that the entire planet is an ecosystem).
The natural environment encompasses all living and non-living things occurring naturally on Earth or some region thereof. It is an environment that encompasses the interaction of all living species. The concept of the natural environment can be distinguished by components:
Complete ecological units that function as natural systems without massive civilized human intervention, including all vegetation, micro organisms, soil, rocks, atmosphere, and natural phenomena that occur within their boundaries Universal natural resources and physical phenomena that lack clear-cut boundaries, such as air, water, and climate, as well as energy, radiation, electric charge, and magnetism, not originating from civilized human activity The natural environment is contrasted with the built environment, which comprises the areas and components that are strongly influenced by humans belonging to a civilized (i.e. hierarchically structured, agricultural, densely populated, complexly systematized) society. A geographical area is regarded as a natural environment. It is difficult to find absolutely natural environments, and it is common that the naturalness varies in a continuum, from ideally 100% natural in one extreme to 0% natural in the other. More precisely, we can consider the different aspects or components of an environment, and see that their degree of naturalness is not uniform. If, for instance, we take an agricultural field, and consider the mineralogic composition and the structure of its soil, we will find that whereas the first is quite similar to that of an undisturbed forest soil, the structure is quite different.Natural environment is often used as a synonym for habitat. For instance, when we say that the natural environment of giraffes is the savanna.
प्राकृतिक पर्यावरण में सभी जीवित और निर्जीव पृथ्वी या कुछ उसके क्षेत्र पर स्वाभाविक रूप से होने वाली बातें शामिल हैं। यह एक वातावरण है कि सभी सजीव प्रजातियों की बातचीत शामिल है। प्राकृतिक वातावरण की अवधारणा घटकों द्वारा प्रतिष्ठित किया जा सकता है: पूरी पारिस्थितिक इकाइयों है कि बड़े पैमाने पर मानवीय हस्तक्षेप के बिना प्राकृतिक प्रणालियों के रूप में कार्य सहित सभी वनस्पति, सूक्ष्म जीवाणुओं, मिट्टी, चट्टानों, माहौल और प्राकृतिक घटना है कि अपनी सीमाओं के भीतर होते हैं,. यूनिवर्सल प्राकृतिक संसाधनों और शारीरिक घटना है कि हवा, पानी और जलवायु के रूप में स्पष्ट सीमाओं, के रूप में अच्छी तरह से विकिरण, ऊर्जा, बिजली के प्रभारी और चुंबकत्व की कमी है, मानव गतिविधि से नहीं उद्भव. प्राकृतिक वातावरण निर्मित पर्यावरण, जो कि दृढ़ता से मनुष्यों द्वारा प्रभावित कर रहे हैं क्षेत्रों और घटकों को शामिल के साथ विपरीत है। एक भौगोलिक क्षेत्र में एक प्राकृतिक वातावरण के रूप में माना जाता है। यह बिल्कुल प्राकृतिक वातावरण मिल मुश्किल है और यह सामान्य है कि सहजता के एक continuum में से भिन्न होता है, आदर्श एक दूसरे में 0% प्राकृतिक चरम में 100% प्राकृतिक. ज्यादा ठीक है, हम एक पर्यावरण के विभिन्न पहलुओं या घटकों पर विचार और देख सकते हैं कि उनकी सहजता की डिग्री एक समान नहीं है। अगर, उदाहरण के लिए, हम एक कृषि क्षेत्र ले और अपनी तरह का mineralogic संरचना और संरचना पर विचार मिट्टी, हम पाएंगे कि जबकि पहले काफी एक undisturbed वन मिट्टी के समान है, संरचना काफी अलग है। प्राकृतिक वातावरण अक्सर निवास स्थान के लिए एक पर्याय के रूप में प्रयोग किया जाता है। उदाहरण के लिए, जब हम कहते हैं कि जिराफ के प्राकृतिक वातावरण में बिना वृक्ष का बड़ा मैदान है।
Composition:
Earth science generally recognizes 4 spheres, the lithosphere, the hydrosphere, the atmosphere, and the biosphere as correspondent to rocks, water, air, and life. Some scientists include, as part of the spheres of the Earth, the cryosphere (corresponding to ice) as a distinct portion of the hydrosphere, as well as the edosphere (corresponding to soil) as an active and intermixed sphere. Earth science (also known as geoscience, the geosciences or the Earth Sciences), is an all-embracing term for the sciences related to the planet Earth. There are four major disciplines in earth sciences, namely geography, geology, geophysics and geodesy. These major disciplines use physics, chemistry, biology, chronology and mathematics to build a qualitative and quantitative understanding of the principal areas or spheres of the Earth.
The Earth's layered structure. (1) inner core; (2) outer core; (3) lower mantle; (4) upper mantle; (5) lithosphere; (6) crust
The Natural Environment encompasses all living and non-living things occurring naturally on Earth or some region thereof. It is an environment that encompasses the interaction of all living species. The concept of the natural environment can be distinguished by components:
Complete ecological units that function as natural systems without massive civilized human intervention, including all vegetation, microorganisms, soil, rocks, atmosphere, and natural phenomena that occur within their boundaries Universal natural resources and physical phenomena that lack clear-cut boundaries, such as air, water, and climate, as well as energy, radiation, electric charge, and magnetism, not originating from civilized human activity.
An ecosystem is a community of living organisms (plants, animals and microbes) in conjunction with the non living components of their environment (things like air, water and mineral soil), interacting as a system. These biotic and abiotic components are regarded as linked together through nutrient cycles and energy flows. As ecosystems are defined by the network of interactions among organisms, and between organisms and their environment, they can be of any size but usually encompass specific, limited spaces (although some scientists say that the entire planet is an ecosystem).
